Hanno the Great was given command of the Punic army, which was raised from Carthaginian citizens and mercenaries recruited from abroad, plus cavalry squadrons and 100 elephants. The coins do not resemble each other. The expelled mercenaries took refuge in Italy and again requested Rome to take over Sardinia. He fights with a sword and shield, which could mean he fights as either a Murmillo, Thraex, or Samnite. Training for the army was obtained in some Numidian forays, then Hamilcar marched the army westwards to the Pillars of Hercules. Certainly, tribute in money, if not men, was extracted from local cities and new silver mines were worked. In an effort to reestablish their position, they decided to make a scapegoat of Hamilcar Barca. However, Not only did the Carthaginians lose the First Punic War and so the control of Sicily but they were also compelled to pay huge reparations to Rome. [1], The cognomen or epithet BRQ () means "thunderbolt" or "shining". Hamilcar broke off the second siege of Carthage by Mathos and headed inland where a rebel army awaited him. The Turdetani surrendered. It is possible that Hamilcar Barca secured the last clause after the initial conditions, which were more favorable to Carthage, was altered by Rome with a harsher one. The Carthaginian leadership probably thought Rome had been defeated and invested little manpower in Sicily. [35] Hamilcar had to promise considerable rewards to keep the morale of his army up, which was to produce near fatal problems for Carthage later on. Mathos could not, though, resist a joint army of Hamilcar and Hanno, and he was driven out of the city and defeated at Byzacium. Hanno marshaled his soldiers, but twice failed to engage the rebels under favorable conditions and twice failed to surprise them on other occasions. Had Hamilcar suffered a decisive defeat, casualties and prisoners would have diminished their numbers and Carthage would have had an excuse not to pay anything. Hannibal's father, Hamilcar Barca, general of the Carthaginian mercenaries, was infuriated about the western Mediterranean losses of Sicily and Sardinia. Hamilcar stood out far above the Carthaginians of his age in military and diplomatic skill and in strength of patriotism; in these qualities he was surpassed only by his son Hannibal, whom he may have imbued with his own deep suspicion of Rome and trained to be his successor in the conflict. 143; Miano, Diccion. He makes his first appearance when the series' events shift to Relic's Point, overseeing the research and . Moored in the water, we can see a large . Browse 50 hamilcar barca stock photos and images available, or start a new search to explore more stock photos and images. Mago and Hasdrubal were his younger brothers. Roman occupation of Sardinia, and then Corsica, indicated the untrustworthiness of Romans and their willingness to meddle when they saw fit regardless of treaties between the powers. Carthage often hauled defeated generals and admirals before the Tribunal of 100 and had them crucified, so Hamilcar probably distanced himself from the possibility of prosecution if the Roman terms turned out to be harsh enough for Carthaginian authorities to seek a scapegoat. If he had lived in the United . His third daughter married the Berber ally Naravas,[120] a Numidian chieftain whose defection had saved Hamilcar and his army during the mercenary war. After the siege of Helice and betrayed by local allies, Hamilcar retreated and drowned while crossing a river in the winter of 229/228 BCE. Greek piracy had forced Carthage to team up with the Etruscans to drive the Greeks from Corsica, and destroy the colony at Mainke in Iberia. Hamilcar then returned to Africa, where his mercenary troops, long unpaid, revolted in what is known as the Mercenaries War (or Truceless War). ; Carthaginian general; commanded Carthage's forces in Sicily (247-241) during the First Punic War against Rome; traveled to Spain (237) to rebuild Carthaginian influences there; drowned during the withdrawal from the siege of Helice in 229) Hamilcar Barca or Barcas (Punic: , omilqart Baraq; c.275228BC) was a Carthaginian general and statesman, leader of the Barcid family, and father of Hannibal, Hasdrubal and Mago. More About Hamilcar: Astrological Sign: Aries: Date of birth: April 6, 1964: Religion . The five coins not recognized portray Hannibal with strong West African ethnic features. After the establishment of Akra Leuke, Hamilcar began to move northwest but no records of his campaigns exist. Since the coin was found near Lake Trasimene where Hannibal defeated the Romans, this fact offers good confirmation that coins image resembled Hannibals real ethnic appearance because one of way of celebrating a victory in ancient warfare was to have a coin minted in your honor and showing yourself as your enemys deity. Hamilcar's sons, Hannibal and Hasdrubal, had accompanied him. was a great Carthaginian general and statesman in the First Punic War who firmly established Carthaginian rule in Spain. He held command (247-41) during the first Punic War and established Carthaginian influence in Spain (237-?228) Hamilcar had split his forces in the winter of 228 BC, Hasdrubal the Fair was sent on a separate campaign, while Hamilcar besieged an Iberian town, then sent the bulk of his troops to winter quarters at Akra Leuke. The answer was Spain. He was born in 247 BC to Hamilcar Barca who was also a chief in the Carthaginian army. Discover Hamilcar Barca: The Life and Legacy of the Legendary Carthaginian General by Charles River Editors and millions of other books available at Barnes & Noble. In 202 BCE, Hannibal was called back to Africa to defend Carthage against invading Roman military forces, and there he was finally defeated by Scipio Africanus at the battle of Zama. The Carthaginians destroyed the rebel army, after which the Libyan towns submitted to Carthage. Their heavy handedness with Sardinian natives caused native Sardinians to attack and expel the mercenaries by 237 BC. Their choice to minimize the Sicilian operations while Hamilcar was in command, reduce the navy and support Hanno the Great's conquests in Africa, all of which were causes for the ultimate defeat of Carthage in the First Punic War. By winter of 240 BC, the situation had improved for Carthage. Hamilcar felt that Carthage had given up on Sicily too soon in the First Punic War. vii. "Hamilcar Barca." Hamilcar and the Barcid line would now dominate the Carthaginian political and military arenas for the next 35 years. World History Foundation is a non-profit organization registered in Canada. Hamilcar had three sons, Hannibal, Hasdrubal and Mago, who were all to have distinguished military careers. As this was in line with the goal of the "Peace Party" of Hanno the Great, probably no serious opposition was offered. By 231 BC, Hamilcar Barca had consolidated his Iberian territorial gains and established the city of Akra Leuke (Alicante),[108][109] probably in 235 BC, to guard Punic holdings, and possibly took over the area of Massalian colonies near the mouth of Sucro River. Hamilcar offered to allow all the rebels to depart freely with a single garment, but retained the right to detain 10 persons. By this time he had three daughters, and his son Hannibal was born during the same year. Meanwhile, Mathos had defeated a Carthaginian army, and he dealt the same treatment to the captured Carthaginian general. After 15 years of fighting, there was still no end in sight to the Second Punic War. Hamilcar Barca or Barcas ( c. 275-228 BC) was a Carthaginian general and statesman, leader of the Barcid family, and father of Hannibal, Hasdrubal and Mago. [9] The situation changed when the surprise attack on the Carthaginian fleet met defeat at the Battle of Drepana[10] and the following Carthaginian victory at the Battle of Phintias; the Romans were all but swept from the sea. [60], According to another line of thought,[61] Hamilcars army marched in three separate columns, with the war elephants placed nearest the rebel army. Corn Fleuron T083009-22.png 1,086 649; 65 KB. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. [11] It was to be seven years before Rome again attempted to field a substantial fleet.[12][13]. Miles, Richard, Carthage Must be Destroyed, p. 198. While Carthage was busy settling state affairs, Spendius and Matho decided to blockade the city from the landward side. Hamilcar Barca. Thank you! Carthaginian leadership requested terms to the victorious Roman commander, Gaius Lutatius Catulus and authorised Hamilcar Barca to open negotiations, probably to avoid the responsibility of the defeat. People disenfranchised by the ruin of the navy and disruption of trade might have thrown in their lot with this group[76] and eventually Hasdrubal the Fair emerged as the leader. Hamilcars victory over the mercenaries in 237 contributed to his growing political power in Carthage and led him to pursue territory in Spain as compensation for the losses to Rome. Carthage will ransom all Punic prisoners, while all Roman prisoners would be freed without payment of ransom. xxiv. [43], Lutatius did not have the authority to ratify the agreement he made with Hamilcar, so he forwarded them to the Comitia Centuriata in Rome. The coin presented does not appear to favor the features of either. [17] During one of the raids, when troops under a subordinate commander named Bodostor engaged in plunder against the orders of Hamilcar and suffered severe casualties when the Romans caught up to them, Hamilcar requested a truce to bury his dead. When the Mercenary War burst out in 239BC, Hamilcar was recalled to command and was instrumental in concluding that conflict successfully. The end finally came on 10th March 241 BCE when the Romans defeated a Carthaginian fleet led by Hanno sent to relieve the besieged city of Drepana off the Aegates Islands (Isole Egadi). [106] Hamilcar now had the means to pay for his mercenary army and also to ship silver ore to Carthage to help pay off the war indemnity. HAMILCAR BARCA, or Barcas (Heb. In 239 BCE a mercenary force took control of Sardinia and then defeated a Carthaginian army sent to re-take the island. He is of average height for a gladiator, has tawny skin, and well-trimmed black hair with a small beard. Barca was perhaps a family name, though more probably an epithet meaning lightning.. The success of Hamilcar and his family in Spain, which rebuilt Carthaginian finances and created a standing army, giving Carthage the means to resist Rome. Hamilcar Barca gathered the Carthaginian soldiers from Drepana and Eryx at Lilybaeum, surrendered his command,[48] returned to Carthage and retired to private life, leaving Gisco and the Carthaginian government to pay off his soldiers. From that area he mounted naval expeditions against the shores of Sicily and southern Italy. 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